ื”ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉืคื” ื ื•ืกืคืช?

ื‘ื—ืจื• ืืช ื”ืฉืคื” ืฉืืชื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“

257 ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ, ืžืงื•ื ื•ืขื•ื“: ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืœืื”

Author

Marco Monroy

ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืคื” ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืช ื•ืžืจืชืงืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœื”.

ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื›ืš, ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืืš ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืžืœืื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื›ืขืœ ืื•ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื’ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืฉื–ื•ืจ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ - ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื—ืœืงื” ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืœืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.

ืื ื”ืŸ ืžืžืœืื•ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืฉืคื”, ื”ืŸ ื’ื ืžืžืœืื•ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืื•ื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืคืช ืื. ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืจื•ืคื™ื ืืœื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืงืœ ืœืคืกืคืก ืื•ืชื, ื›ืš ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืžืชื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื.

ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืงืœื•ืช ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืก ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื–ืขืงื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื™ืฆืคืฆืคื• ื‘ืจืืฉืš ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื’ื™ื“ "ืื ื™ ืืจืื” ืื•ืชืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™". ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืžื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ (at) ืžืฉื•ืžืฉืช ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื›ืžื•ืช.

ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ื”, ื”ืŸ ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืคืช ืื ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืฉืคืช ืื. ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื ื•ืกื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืจื›ื ื• ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-250 ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉื ืจืฆื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.

ืขื ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืกื•ืช, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื™ื›ื ืก ื™ืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื— ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.


ืžื”ืŸ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื“ืงื“ื•ืง?

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืก ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื” ืื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืฆื ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ืœื™ืชืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜. ื›ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” pre ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช. ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืš ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืขืฆืžื™ื ืื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜.

ืจื•ื‘ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื’ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช, ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืŸ:

  • ื‘- (At)
  • ืขืœ - (On)
  • ื‘- (In)
  • ืขืœ ื™ื“- (By)
  • ืขื‘ื•ืจ -(For)

ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช

ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช, ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช. ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืชื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช: ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืœื™ืชืจ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.

ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืŸ:

  • ืจื—ื•ืง ืž - (Away from)
  • ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœ - (In addition to)
  • ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœ- (On top of)
  • ื‘ืžืงื•ื - (Instead of)
  • ืขื“ - (Up to)


ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืฆืœื•ืœ ืœืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžืœืื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื ืฉืงื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืคื” ื ื“ื™ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžืื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืžืขื˜ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช.

ืืœ ื“ืื’ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืžืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก. ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืกืงื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ื›ืžื” ืžืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื ืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืœืื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืชืžืฆืื• ืื™ ืคืขื, ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘.

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆื ืžืฉื”ื• ืื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื•. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืžืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืขืฆื ืื• ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื”ื”ื•ื. ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืžืฉื”ื• ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ื›ื•'. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื:

  • ืขืœ (on)
  • ืžืชื—ืช ืœ- (under)
  • ื‘ืชื•ืš (in)
  • ืœื™ื“ (near)
  • ืจื—ื•ืง ืž- (far from)
  • ื‘ื™ืŸ (between)
  • ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ (behind)
  • ืœืคื ื™ (before)
  • ืื—ืจื™ (after)

I will meet you at the airport.

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืกืฉื™ืžื•ืฉืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”
In
ื‘-(ืžื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืœื™)
Inside or encapsulated by
ื‘ืคื ื™ื ืื• ืžื›ื•ืกื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
The shoes are in the box.
ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื•ืคืกื”.
At
ื‘- (ืžื™ืงื•ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™)
Used to indicate a particular point or location
ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืื• ืžื™ืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื
I will meet you at the airport.
ืื ื™ ืืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”.
On
ืขืœ
Indicates location on the surface of something
ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืงื•ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•
I left your backpack on the chair.
ื”ืฉืืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื™ืง ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื
Inside
ื‘ืคื ื™ื
Within something else
ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
Can you pass me the box thatโ€™s inside the bag?
ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืคืกื” ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ืง?
Over
ืžืขืœ
Above or beyond something
ืžืขืœ ืื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื•
The house is just over the hill.
ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ืžืฆื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ืขื”
Above
ืžืขืœ/ืžืขื‘ืจ
Higher than something else
ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฉื”ื•
The picture frame is on the shelf above the couch.
ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืฃ ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ืกืคื”.
Below
ืžืชื—ืช
Lower than something else
ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฉื”ื•
The sun has officially set โ€” itโ€™s finally below the horizon!
ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืงืขื” ืกื•ืคื™ืช - ื”ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืื•ืคืง!
Beneath
ืžืชื—ืช
Lower than something else
ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฉื”ื•
The assistant general manager position is just beneath the regional manager!
ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื ืžืฆื ืžืชื—ืช (ื›ืคื•ืฃ) ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™!
Under
ืžืชื—ืช
Below something else
ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžืฉื”ื•
Did you know that thereโ€™s a tunnel under Ocean Boulevard?
ื™ื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื ื”ืจื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก?
Underneath
ืžืชื—ืช
Below something else
ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžืฉื”ื•
Our garage is underneath our house.
ื”ื—ื ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
By
ืขืœ ื™ื“
Close to or near something
ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื• ืœื™ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•
Did you go to the cupcake shop by the park?
ื”ืœื›ืช ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืืคืงื™ื™ืงืก ืœื™ื“ ื”ืคืืจืง?
Near
ืœื™ื“
Close by
ืงืจื•ื‘ (ืื• ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”)
I went to the pizza place near campus.
ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžืงื•ื ืคื™ืฆื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืงืžืคื•ืก.
Next to
ืœื™ื“
Beside
ืœื™ื“/ืฆืžื•ื“ ืœืžืฉื”ื•
What happened to the bike that was next to our car?
ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื™ื“ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•?
Between
ื‘ื™ืŸ
In the middle of two things
ื‘ืืžืฆืข (ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื)
I donโ€™t want to sit between two strangers on the plane!
ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก!
Among
ื‘ื™ืŸ
Within a group
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
There is an impostor among us.
ื™ืฉ ืžืชื—ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื•.
Opposite
ื”ื”ืคืš/ืžื ื•ื’ื“
Directly across
ืžื•ืœ (ืื• ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื ื’ื“ื™)
Jennyโ€™s house is opposite a massive mall.
ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’'ื ื™ ื ืžืฆื ืžื•ืœ ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ืง.

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ืจื”, ืœื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ื•ืขื•ื“. ืื ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘ ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื›ืืŸ ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืžืฉ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.

After our month-long trip, I had to do laundry for hours.

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืกืฉื™ืžื•ืฉืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”
In
ื‘-(ืžื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœืœื™)
Used for months, years, centuries, and long periods of time.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื ื™ื, ืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช.
Iโ€™ll see you in twenty minutes!
ืืจืื” ืื•ืชืš ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื“ืงื•ืช!
At
ื‘- (ืžื™ืงื•ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™)
Used for precise times.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืฉืขื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช.
Weโ€™re meeting at eight oโ€™clock, right?
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
On
ืขืœ
Used for days and dates.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืชืืจื™ื›ื™ื.
My dad arrives on Sunday, but Iโ€™ll be there by Friday.
ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™.
Since
ืžืื–
Used to describe the last time something happened.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื”.
I havenโ€™t seen Paula since ninth grade!
ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืคืื•ืœื” ืžืื– ื›ื™ืชื” ื˜'!
For
ื‘ืžืฉืš
Used when talking about how long an action was happening.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื”.
After our month-long trip, I had to do laundry for hours!
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ื‘ืก ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช!
By
ืœื™ื“
Used when talking about a deadline or a point in time by which another action will have already happened.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืื• ืขืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืชื‘ืฆืข.
I have to submit my essay by midnight.
ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช.
During
ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉ
Used to denote continuity during a period of time.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคื”.
She didnโ€™t speak a word during the entire show.
ื”ื™ื ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”.
Fromโ€ฆ to
ืž.. ืขื“
Used to express time periods.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ.
I worked from sunrise to sundown yesterday.
ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืžื”ื–ืจื™ื—ื” ืขื“ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ืืชืžื•ืœ.
Fromโ€ฆ until
ืž.. ืขื“
Used to express time periods.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ.
Iโ€™ll be in Lisbon from May until July.
ืื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืžืื™ ืขื“ ื™ื•ืœื™.
Within
ื‘ืชื•ืš
Used to express time periods, taking the present as the initial period.
ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ, ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ืคืกืช ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช.
If I donโ€™t find some coffee within five minutes, Iโ€™m going back to sleep.
ืื ืœื ืืžืฆื ืงืคื” ืชื•ืš ื—ืžืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ.

ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ

ืžื™ืœื™ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืœืืŸ ื ื•ืฉื (ืฉื ืขืฆื) ื”ื•ืœืš. ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืฆื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืืœื• ื’ื ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื“ืขืช ืœืืŸ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืœืš, ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ื•ื›ื•'.

They drove off into the horizon together.

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืกืฉื™ืžื•ืฉืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”
To
ืœ..
Heading from the first noun to the second noun
ืžืชืงื“ื ืžื”ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื”ืฉื ื™
That plane is going to Paris.
Toward
ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
Heading from the first noun to the second noun
ืžืชืงื“ื ืžื”ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื”ืฉื ื™
ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื ืข
Watch out, thereโ€™s a car coming toward us.
On
ืขืœ
Describes how the subject is moving
ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื ืข
ืžืชืืจ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื
Heโ€™s coming on a train.
From
ืž..
Describes the origin or previous location of the subject
ืžืชืืจ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื
She said she was coming home from work an hour ago.
Into
ืœืชื•ืš
Describes movement from outside the noun to inside the noun
ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืื• ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื
She was placed into an advanced class.
Against
ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•
DescribesWhose bike is that leaning up against the wall?
Off
ืืœ
Away from
ืจื—ื•ืง ืž
They drove off into the horizon together.


ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

ื˜ื•ื‘, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžืœืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืœ 257 ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ื˜ื™ืค, ืืœ ืชืžื”ืจื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืฉืžืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”.

ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ 257 ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื’ื–ื ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™. ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื•ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืืœื• ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™.

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืกื”ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ื ื˜ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™
a
ื”..
ษ™
ร  la
ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ -
ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ
ษ™ หˆlษ‘
aboard
ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœ (ืกืคื™ื ื”, ืžื˜ื•ืก ื•ื›ื•')
ษ™หˆbษ”rd
about
ืขืœ, ืœื’ื‘ื™, ืื•ื“ื•ืช
ษ™หˆbaสŠt
above
ืžืขืœ
ษ™หˆbสŒv
abreast
ืœืฆื“
ษ™หˆbษนษ›st
abroad
ื‘ื—ื•ืดืœ
ษ™หˆbษนษ”d
absent
ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ
หˆรฆbsษ™nt
according to
ื‘ื”ืชืื
ษ™หˆkษ”rdษชล‹ tu
across
ืœืื•ืจืš
ษ™หˆkษนษ”s
across from
ืžื•ืœ
ษ™หˆkษนษ”s หˆfษนสŒm
adrift
ื ืกื—ืฃ
ษ™หˆdษนษชft
aft
ืžืื—ื•ืจื” (ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜)
หˆรฆft
after
ืื—ืจื™
หˆรฆftษš
afterward
ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ
หˆรฆftษšwษšd
against
ื ื’ื“
ษ™หˆษกษ›nst
ahead
ืงื“ื™ืžื”
ษ™หˆhษ›d
ahead of
ืœืคื ื™
ษ™หˆhษ›d ษ™v
aloft
ืœืžืขื”ืœ
ษ™หˆlษ”ft
along
ืœืื•ืจืš
ษ™หˆlษ”ล‹
along with
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื
ษ™หˆlษ”ล‹ หˆwษชฮธ
alongside
ืœืฆื“
ษ™หˆlษ”ล‹หˆsaษชd
amid
ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืชื•ืš
ษ™หˆmษชd
among
ื‘ื™ืŸ
ษ™หˆmสŒล‹
anti
ื ื’ื“
หˆรฆnti
apart
ืœื—ื•ื“
ษ™หˆpษ‘rt
apart from
ืžืœื‘ื“
ษ™หˆpษ‘rt หˆfษนสŒm
apropos
ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœ
หŒรฆpษนษ™หˆpoสŠ
around
ืกื‘ื™ื‘
ษšหˆษนaสŠnd
as
ื›, ื›ืžื•
ษ™z
as for
ืœื’ื‘ื™
ษ™z หˆfษ”r
as from
ื”ื—ืœ ืž
ษ™z หˆfษนสŒm
as of
ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœ
ษ™z ษ™v
as per
ืœืคื™
ษ™z หˆpษ
as regards
ืœื’ื‘ื™
ษ™z ษนษชหˆษกษ‘rdz
as to
ืœื’ื‘ื™
ษ™z tu
as well as
ื›ืžื• ื’ื
ษ™z หˆwษ›l ษ™z
ashore
ืœื—ื•ืฃ
ษ™หˆสƒษ”r
aside
ื‘ืฆื“
ษ™หˆsaษชd
aside from
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
ษ™หˆsaษชd หˆfษนสŒm
aslant
ื‘ืืœื›ืกื•ืŸ
ษ™หˆslรฆnt
astride
ืจื›ื•ื‘ ืขืœ
ษ™หˆstษนaษชd
at
ื‘, ืืฆืœ, ืขืœ
ษ™t
atop
ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™
ษ™หˆtษ‘p
away
ื”ืจื—ืง
ษ™หˆweษช
away from
ื”ืจื—ืง ืž
ษ™หˆweษช หˆfษนสŒm
back
ื—ื–ืจื”
หˆbรฆk
back to
ื—ื–ืจื” ืœ
หˆbรฆk tu
backwards
ืื—ื•ืจื”
หˆbรฆkwษšdz
bar
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆbษ‘r
barring
ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ
หˆbษ‘rษชล‹
because of
ื‘ื’ืœืœ
bษชหˆkษ”z ษ™v
before
ืœืคื ื™
bษชหˆfษ”r
beforehand
ืžืจืืฉ
bษชหˆfษ”rหŒhรฆnd
behind
ืžืื—ื•ืจื™
bษชหˆhaษชnd
below
ืžืชื—ืช
bษชหˆloสŠ
beneath
ืžืชื—ืช
bษชหˆniฮธ
beside
ืœื™ื“
bษชหˆsaษชd
besides
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ
bษชหˆsaษชdz
between
ื‘ื™ืŸ
bษชหˆtwin
beyond
ืžืขื‘ืจ
biหˆษ‘nd
but
ืื‘ืœ
หˆbสŒt
but for
ืืœืžืœื
หˆbสŒt หˆfษ”r
by
ืขืœ ื™ื“, ืœื™, ืขื
หˆbaษช
by means of
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชืš
หˆbaษช หˆminz ษ™v
chez
ืืฆืœ (ื‘ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช)
หˆสƒeษช
circa
ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช
หˆsษkษ™
close to
ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœ
หˆkloสŠz tu
come
ืœื‘ื•ื
หˆkสŒm
concerning
ืœื’ื‘ื™
kษ™nหˆsษnษชล‹
contra
ื ื’ื“
หˆkษ‘ntษนษ™
contrary to
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœ
หˆkษ‘nหŒtษนษ›ri tu
counter to
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœ
หˆkaสŠntษš tu
counting
ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›
หˆkaสŠntษชล‹
cum
ืขื (ื‘ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช)
หˆkสŠm
depending on
ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘
dษชหˆpษ›ndษชล‹ หˆษ”n
despite
ืœืžืจื•ืช
dษชหˆspaษชt
down
ืœืžื˜ื”
หˆdaสŠn
downhill
ื‘ืžื•ืจื“
หŒdaสŠnหˆhษชl
downstage
ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืžื”
หˆdaสŠnหˆsteษชdส’
downstairs
ืœืžื˜ื”
หˆdaสŠnหˆstษ›rz
downstream
ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื–ืจื
หˆdaสŠnหˆstษนim
downwards
ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื˜ื”
หˆdaสŠnwษšdz
downwind
ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—
หˆdaสŠnหˆwษชnd
due to
ืขืงื‘
หˆdu tu
during
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš
หˆdสŠrษชล‹
east
ืžื–ืจื—
หˆist
eastwards
ืžื–ืจื—ื”
หˆistwษšdz
effective
ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืž
ษชหˆfษ›ktษชv
ere
ืœืคื ื™ (ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ)
หˆษ›r
except
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
ษชkหˆsษ›pt
except for
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
ษชkหˆsษ›pt หˆfษ”r
excepting
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
ษชkหˆsษ›ptษชล‹
excluding
ืœืžืขื˜
ษชkหˆskludษชล‹
failing
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ
หˆfeษชlษชล‹
following
ืœืื—ืจ
หˆfษ‘lษ™wษชล‹
for
ืœ, ืขื‘ื•ืจ
หˆfษ”r
forth
ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” (ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ)
หˆfษ”rฮธ
forward
ืงื“ื™ืžื”
หˆfษ”rwษšd
forward of
ืœืคื ื™
หˆfษ”rwษšd ษ™v
from
ืž
หˆfษนสŒm
further to
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš
หˆfษรฐษš tu
heavenward
ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื
หˆhษ›vษ™nwษšd
hence
ืžื›ืืŸ
หˆhษ›ns
henceforth
ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืœืื”
หˆhษ›nsหŒfษ”rฮธ
here
ื›ืืŸ
หˆhษชr
hereby
ื‘ื–ื”
hษชrหˆbaษช
herein
ื‘ื–ื”
hษชrหˆษชn
hereof
ื›ืืŸ
hษชrหˆสŒv
hereto
ืžื›ืืŸ
hษชrหˆtu
herewith
ืœื›ืืŸ
hษชrหˆwษชฮธ
home
ื‘ื–ื”
หˆhoสŠm
homewards
ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
หˆhoสŠmwษšdz
in
ื‘, ื‘ืชื•ืš
หˆษชn
in addition to
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœ
หˆษชn ษ™หˆdษชสƒษ™n tu
in between
ื‘ื™ืŸ
หˆษชn bษชหˆtwin
in case of
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ
หˆษชn หˆkeษชs ษ™v
in face of
ืžื•ืœ
หˆษชn หˆfeษชs ษ™v
in favor of
ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช
หˆษชn หˆfeษชvษš ษ™v
in front of
ืœืคื ื™
หˆษชn หˆfษนสŒnt ษ™v
in lieu of
ื‘ืžืงื•ื
หˆษชn หˆlu ษ™v
in spite of
ืœืžืจื•ืช
หˆษชn หˆspaษชt ษ™v
in view of
ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘
หˆษชn หˆvju ษ™v
including
ื›ื•ืœืœ
ษชnหˆkludษชล‹
indoors
ื‘ืคื ื™ื
หˆษชnหˆdษ”rz
inside
ื‘ืชื•ืš
ษชnหˆsaษชd
instead of
ื‘ืžืงื•ื
ษชnหˆstษ›d ษ™v
into
ืœืชื•ืš
หˆษชntษ™
inwards
ืคื ื™ืžื”
หˆษชnwษšdz
leftwards
ืฉืžืืœื”
หˆlษ›ftwษšdz
less
ืคื—ื•ืช
หˆlษ›s
like
ื›ืžื•
หˆlaษชk
minus
ืคื—ื•ืช
หˆmaษชnษ™s
modulo
ืžื•ื“ืœ
หˆmษ‘dส’ษ™หŒloสŠ
near
ืงืจื•ื‘
หˆnษชr
near to
ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœ
หˆnษชr tu
next
ื”ื‘ื
หˆnษ›kst
next to
ย ืœื™ื“
หˆnษ›kst tu
north
ืฆืคื•ืŸ
หˆnษ”rฮธ
northeast
ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—
nษ”rฮธหˆist
northwest
ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืจื‘
nษ”rฮธหˆwษ›st
notwithstanding
ืœืžืจื•ืช
หŒnษ‘twษชฮธหˆstรฆndษชล‹
now
ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
หˆnaสŠ
of
ืฉืœ
ษ™v
offshore
ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื•ืฃ
หˆษ”fหˆสƒษ”r
on
ืขืœ
หˆษ”n
on account of
ื‘ื’ืœืœ
หˆษ”n ษ™หˆkaสŠnt ษ™v
on behalf of
ื‘ืฉื
หˆษ”n bษชหˆhรฆf ษ™v
on board
ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ
หˆษ”n หˆbษ”rd
on to
ืืœ
หˆษ”n tu
on top of
ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™
หˆษ”n หˆtษ‘p ษ™v
onto
ืืœ
หˆษ”ntษ™
onwards
ย ื”ืœืื”
หˆษ‘nwษšdz
opposite
ืžื•ืœ
หˆษ‘pษ™zษ™t
opposite of
ื”ื”ืคืš ืž
หˆษ‘pษ™zษ™t ษ™v
opposite to
ืžื•ืœ
หˆษ‘pษ™zษ™t tu
other than
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆสŒรฐษš หˆรฐรฆn
out
ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”
หˆaสŠt
out from
ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœ
หˆaสŠt หˆfษนสŒm
out of
ืžืชื•ืš
หˆaสŠt ษ™v
outdoors
ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ
หŒaสŠtหˆdษ”rz
outside
ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ
หŒaสŠtหˆsaษชd
outside of
ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœ
หŒaสŠtหˆsaษชd ษ™v
outwards
ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”
หˆaสŠtwษšdz
over
ืžืขืœ
หˆoสŠvษš
overboard
ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืŸ
หˆoสŠvษšหŒbษ”rd
overhead
ืžืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ
หŒoสŠvษšหˆhษ›d
overland
ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉื”
หˆoสŠvษšหŒlรฆnd
overseas
ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื
หŒoสŠvษšหˆsiz
owing to
ื‘ื’ืœืœ
หˆoสŠษชล‹ tu
pace
ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ
หˆpeษชs
past
ื‘ืขื‘ืจ
หˆpรฆst
pending
ืžืžืชื™ืŸ
หˆpษ›ndษชล‹
per
ืœ..
หˆpษ
pertaining to
ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœ
pษšหˆteษชnษชล‹ tu
plus
ืคืœื•ืก
หˆplสŒs
post
ืื—ืจื™
หˆpoสŠst
pre
ืœืคื ื™
หˆpษนษช
prior to
ืœืคื ื™
หˆpษนaษชษš tu
pro
ื‘ืขื“
หˆpษนoสŠ
quaหˆkwษ‘
re
ืžื—ื“ืฉ
หˆษนeษช
regarding
ืœื’ื‘ื™
ษนษชหˆษกษ‘rdษชล‹
regardless of
ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ
ษนษชหˆษกษ‘rdlษ™s ษ™v
respecting
ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœ
ษนษชหˆspษ›ktษชล‹
rightwards
ื™ืžื™ื ื”
หˆษนaษชtwษšdz
round about
ย 
ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช
หˆษนaสŠnd ษ™หˆbaสŠt
sans
ื‘ืœื™
หˆsรฆnz
save
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆseษชv
save for
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆseษชv หˆfษ”r
saving
ื‘ืœื™
หˆseษชvษชล‹
seawards
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆsiwษšdz
short
ื—ื•ืฅ ืž
หˆสƒษ”rt
since
ืžืื–
หˆsษชns
skywards
ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื
หˆskaษชwษšdz
south
ื“ืจื•ื
หˆsaสŠฮธ
southeast
ื“ืจื•ื-ืžื–ืจื—
saสŠฮธหˆist
southwards
ื“ืจื•ืžื”
หˆsaสŠฮธหŒwษdz
southwest
ื“ืจื•ื-ืžืขืจื‘
saสŠฮธหˆwษ›st
sub
ืชืช
หˆsสŒb
than
ืž..
หˆรฐรฆn
thanks to
ืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืœ
หˆฮธรฆล‹ks tu
then
ืื–
ย 
หˆรฐษ›n
thence
ืžืฉื
หˆรฐษ›ns
thenceforth
ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš
หˆรฐษ›nsหŒfษ”rฮธ
there
ืฉื
หˆรฐษ›r
thereby
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš
รฐษ›rหˆbaษช
therein
ืฉื ื‘ืคื ื™ื
รฐษ›rหˆษชn
thereof
ืฉืœื•/ืฉืœื”/ืฉืœื”ื/ืฉืœื”ืŸ
รฐษ›rหˆสŒv
thereto
ืœืฉื
รฐษ›rหˆtu
therewith
ืขื ื–ื”
รฐษ›rหˆwษชรฐ
through
ื“ืจืš
หˆฮธษนu
throughout
ืœืื•ืจืš
ฮธษนuหˆaสŠt
till
ึฟืขื“
หˆtษชl
times
ืคืขืžื™ื
หˆtaษชmz
to
ืœ..
tu
together
ื™ื—ื“
tษ™หˆษกษ›รฐษš
together with
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื
tษ™หˆษกษ›รฐษš หˆwษชฮธ
touching
ืดื ื•ื’ืขืด
ย 
หˆtสŒtสƒษชล‹
towards
ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
หˆtoสŠษšdz
under
ึฟืžืชื—ืช
หˆสŒndษš
underfoot
ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจื’ืœื™ื™ื
หŒสŒndษšหˆfสŠt
underground
ืžืชื—ืช ืœืื“ืžื”
หˆสŒndษšหŒษกษนaสŠnd
underneath
ืžืชื—ืช
หŒสŒndษšหˆniฮธ
unlike
ืฉืœื ื›ืžื•
หŒสŒnหˆlaษชk
until
ืขื“
ษ™nหˆtษชl
unto
ืืœ
หˆสŒntu
up
ืœืžืขืœื”
หˆสŒp
up against
ืžื•ืœ
ย 
หˆสŒp ษ™หˆษกษ›nst
up to
ืขื“
หˆสŒp tu
up until
ืขื“
หˆสŒp ษ™nหˆtษชl
uphill
ื‘ืžืขืœื”
หˆสŒpหˆhษชl
upon
ืขืœ
ษ™หˆpษ”n
upstage
ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื
หˆสŒpหˆsteษชdส’
upstairs
ืœืžืขืœื”
หŒสŒpหˆstษ›rz
upstream
ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืจื
หˆสŒpหˆstษนim
upwards
ืœืžืขืœื”
หˆสŒpwษšdz
upwind
ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—
หˆสŒpหˆwษชnd
versus
ื ื’ื“
หˆvษsษ™s
via
ื“ืจืš
หˆvaษชษ™
vice
ืกื’ืŸ
หˆvaษชs
vis-ร -vis
ืžื•ืœ
หˆvizษ™หˆvi
wanting
ืจื•ืฆื”
หˆwษ‘ntษชล‹
west
ืžืขืจื‘
หˆwษ›st
westwards
ืžืขืจื‘ื”
หˆwษ›stwษšdz
when
ืžืชื™
หˆwษ›n
whence
ืžืื™ืคื”
หˆwษ›ns
where
ืื™ืคื”
หˆwษ›r
whereby
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš
wษ›rหˆbaษช
wherein
ืฉื‘ื• (ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืžืžื ื• ื‘ืื™ื)
wษ›rหˆษชn
whereto
ืœืืŸ
หˆwษ›rหŒtu
wherewith
ืขื ืžื”
หˆwษ›rหŒwษชรฐ
with
ืขื
หˆwษชฮธ
with reference to
ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœ
หˆwษชฮธ หˆษนษ›fษนษ™ns tu
with regard to
ืœื’ื‘ื™
หˆwษชฮธ ษนษชหˆษกษ‘rd tu
within
ื‘ืชื•ืš
wษชหˆรฐษชn
without
ื‘ืœื™
wษชหˆรฐaสŠt


ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืื—ื•ืจื™ื•ืช

ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฆืจืคืชื™ืช ื•ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช, ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช (ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ) ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืื—ื•ืจื™ื•ืช (ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ). ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืืœื• ืžืžืœืื•ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ืŸ ืžืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืื• ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื "ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช".

ืžื™ืœืช ื™ื—ืกืฉื™ืžื•ืฉืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”
Ago
ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืœืคื ื™, ืžื–ืžืŸ
Helps establish the amount of time that has passed since the action took place.
ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžืื– ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื”ืžืขืฉื”.
I met her ten years ago.
ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื
Apart
ื‘ื ืคืจื“, ืœื—ื•ื“, ืžื•ืคืจื“
To separate two nouns.
ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืฆื
Theyโ€™re best friends, they can never be apart.
ื”ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืคืจื“ื™ื
Aside
ื‘ืฆื“, ื‘ื ืคืจื“, ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ
To put the noun out of the way or out of focus.
ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ื‘ืฆื“ ืื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืคื•ืงื•ืก
All jokes aside, you should really consider the offer.
ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื‘ื“ื™ื—ื•ืช, ืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”
Awayืจื—ื•ืง, ืœื ื ื•ื›ื—, ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘Helps establish the distance between two nouns.
ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืฆื
How can I be happy when my dog is one thousand miles away from me?
ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื— ื›ืฉื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœื™ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืžื ื™ ืืœืฃ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ?
Notwithstanding
ืœืžืจื•ืช, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœ
Used to establish that something happened despite another event happening as well.
ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืงืจื” ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื’ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ
The wedding is going to carry on as usual, storm notwithstanding.
ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืชืชืงื™ื™ื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืกืขืจื”
On
ืขืœ
When used as a postposition, it indicates the amount of time or distance that has already passed.
ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืœืฃ.
Five years on, sheโ€™s still keen on the keto diet.
ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™, ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ืงื™ื˜ื•
Over
ืžืขืœ
When used as a postposition, this word means โ€œall around.โ€
ื›ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘"ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื•ื "ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœ".
This movie went #1 the world over.
ื”ืกืจื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
Short
ืงืฆืจ, ื—ืœืฃ, ื—ืกืจ
Missing or lacking.
ื—ืกืจ ืื• ื ืขื“ืจ
I think I might be a few dollars short.
ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™ ืฉื—ืกืจื™ื ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
Through
ื“ืจืš, ืœืื•ืจืš, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช
Indicating that something persisted during a specific time period.
ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช
She had a bad stomachache the whole week through.
ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื›ืื‘ ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื ื•ืจืื™


ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืฉืคื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื.

ืื ืืชื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืงืœื™ื˜ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื• ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืงื“ื•ืง ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ืจืš, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื”!

In Front Of, Behind, Between | Prepositions Song for Kids

ืžื•ืœ, ืžืื—ื•ืจื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ | ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื

ืื ืืชื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืชืื™ื ื’ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื– ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืžืืช "The Bazillions". ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืจื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืœื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ืœื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ืœื•ื’ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื” ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืคืช ื›ืœื™ื - ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.

"Preposition" by The Bazillions

"ื™ื—ืก" ืžืืช "The Bazillions"


ืชื”ื ื• ืžืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช

ืื ื”ืฆืฆืชื ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืœ 257 ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื ืœื‘ืจื•ื— - ืืœ ืชืœื—ืฆื• ืžื”ืจ ืžื“ื™! ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืกืงืจื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื ื•ื•ื˜ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืžืืžืฅ.

ื•ืื ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื, ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชืจื•ื•ื— ืขื ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืžื”ืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืคื–ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ืœื˜!

ื•ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืฆืขื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื– ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืฆื™ืฆื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช?

ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘- 277 ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ืื• ืžืืžืจื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื, 1000 ืฉืžื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื“.

ืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื”